From 889facbee3e67dbc8eb29d8ee7fd66d33a647bfc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Len Brown Date: Thu, 8 Nov 2012 00:48:57 -0500 Subject: tools/power turbostat: v3.0: monitor Watts and Temperature Show power in Watts and temperature in Celsius when hardware support is present. Intel's Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge processor generations support RAPL (Run-Time-Average-Power-Limiting). Per the Intel SDM (Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer Manual) RAPL provides hardware energy counters and power control MSRs (Model Specific Registers). RAPL MSRs are designed primarily as a method to implement power capping. However, they are useful for monitoring system power whether or not power capping is used. In addition, Turbostat now shows temperature from DTS (Digital Thermal Sensor) and PTM (Package Thermal Monitor) hardware, if present. As before, turbostat reads MSRs, and never writes MSRs. New columns are present in turbostat output: The Pkg_W column shows Watts for each package (socket) in the system. On multi-socket systems, the system summary on the 1st row shows the sum for all sockets together. The Cor_W column shows Watts due to processors cores. Note that Core_W is included in Pkg_W. The optional GFX_W column shows Watts due to the graphics "un-core". Note that GFX_W is included in Pkg_W. The optional RAM_W column on server processors shows Watts due to DRAM DIMMS. As DRAM DIMMs are outside the processor package, RAM_W is not included in Pkg_W. The optional PKG_% and RAM_% columns on server processors shows the % of time in the measurement interval that RAPL power limiting is in effect on the package and on DRAM. Note that the RAPL energy counters have some limitations. First, hardware updates the counters about once every milli-second. This is fine for typical turbostat measurement intervals > 1 sec. However, when turbostat is used to measure events that approach 1ms, the counters are less useful. Second, the 32-bit energy counters are subject to wrapping. For example, a counter incrementing 15 micro-Joule units on a 130 Watt TDP server processor could (in theory) roll over in about 9 minutes. Turbostat detects and handles up to 1 counter overflow per measurement interval. But when the measurement interval exceeds the guaranteed counter range, we can't detect if more than 1 overflow occured. So in this case turbostat indicates that the results are in question by replacing the fractional part of the Watts in the output with "**": Pkg_W Cor_W GFX_W 3** 0** 0** Third, the RAPL counters are energy (Joule) counters -- they sum up weighted events in the package to estimate energy consumed. They are not analong power (Watt) meters. In practice, they tend to under-count because they don't cover every possible use of energy in the package. The accuracy of the RAPL counters will vary between product generations, and between SKU's in the same product generation, and with temperature. turbostat's -v (verbose) option now displays more power and thermal configuration information -- as shown on the turbostat.8 manual page. For example, it now displays the Package and DRAM Thermal Design Power (TDP): cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x2f064001980410 (130 W TDP, RAPL 51 - 200 W, 0.045898 sec.) cpu0: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x28025800780118 (35 W TDP, RAPL 15 - 75 W, 0.039062 sec.) cpu8: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x2f064001980410 (130 W TDP, RAPL 51 - 200 W, 0.045898 sec.) cpu8: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x28025800780118 (35 W TDP, RAPL 15 - 75 W, 0.039062 sec.) Signed-off-by: Len Brown --- tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 | 103 ++++-- tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c | 643 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 2 files changed, 690 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-) (limited to 'tools') diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 index e4d0690cccf9..0d7dc2cfefb5 100644 --- a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 +++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 @@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ turbostat \- Report processor frequency and idle statistics .RB [ Options ] .RB [ "\-i interval_sec" ] .SH DESCRIPTION -\fBturbostat \fP reports processor topology, frequency -and idle power state statistics on modern X86 processors. +\fBturbostat \fP reports processor topology, frequency, +idle power-state statistics, temperature and power on modern X86 processors. Either \fBcommand\fP is forked and statistics are printed upon its completion, or statistics are printed periodically. \fBturbostat \fP -requires that the processor +must be run on root, and +minimally requires that the processor supports an "invariant" TSC, plus the APERF and MPERF MSRs. -\fBturbostat \fP will report idle cpu power state residency -on processors that additionally support C-state residency counters. +Additional information is reported depending on hardware counter support. .SS Options The \fB-p\fP option limits output to the 1st thread in 1st core of each package. @@ -57,7 +57,15 @@ Note that multiple CPUs per core indicate support for Intel(R) Hyper-Threading T \fBGHz\fP average clock rate while the CPU was in c0 state. \fBTSC\fP average GHz that the TSC ran during the entire interval. \fB%c1, %c3, %c6, %c7\fP show the percentage residency in hardware core idle states. +\fBCTMP\fP Degrees Celsius reported by the per-core Digital Thermal Sensor. +\fBPTMP\fP Degrees Celsius reported by the per-package Package Thermal Monitor. \fB%pc2, %pc3, %pc6, %pc7\fP percentage residency in hardware package idle states. +\fBPkg_W\fP Watts consumed by the whole package. +\fBCor_W\fP Watts consumed by the core part of the package. +\fBGFX_W\fP Watts consumed by the Graphics part of the package -- available only on client processors. +\fBRAM_W\fP Watts consumed by the DRAM DIMMS -- available only on server processors. +\fBPKG_%\fP percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on the Package. +\fBRAM_%\fP percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on DRAM. .fi .PP .SH EXAMPLE @@ -66,50 +74,73 @@ Without any parameters, turbostat prints out counters ever 5 seconds. for turbostat to fork). The first row of statistics is a summary for the entire system. -Note that the summary is a weighted average. +For residency % columns, the summary is a weighted average. +For Temperature columns, the summary is the column maximum. +For Watts columns, the summary is a system total. Subsequent rows show per-CPU statistics. .nf -[root@x980]# ./turbostat -cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6 - 0.09 1.62 3.38 1.83 0.32 97.76 1.26 83.61 - 0 0 0.15 1.62 3.38 10.23 0.05 89.56 1.26 83.61 - 0 6 0.05 1.62 3.38 10.34 - 1 2 0.03 1.62 3.38 0.07 0.05 99.86 - 1 8 0.03 1.62 3.38 0.06 - 2 4 0.21 1.62 3.38 0.10 1.49 98.21 - 2 10 0.02 1.62 3.38 0.29 - 8 1 0.04 1.62 3.38 0.04 0.08 99.84 - 8 7 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.06 - 9 3 0.53 1.62 3.38 0.10 0.20 99.17 - 9 9 0.02 1.62 3.38 0.60 - 10 5 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.02 0.04 99.92 - 10 11 0.02 1.62 3.38 0.02 +[root@sandy]# ./turbostat +cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %c7 CTMP PTMP %pc2 %pc3 %pc6 %pc7 Pkg_W Cor_W GFX_W + 0.06 0.80 2.29 0.11 0.00 0.00 99.83 47 40 0.26 0.01 0.44 98.78 3.49 0.12 0.14 + 0 0 0.07 0.80 2.29 0.07 0.00 0.00 99.86 40 40 0.26 0.01 0.44 98.78 3.49 0.12 0.14 + 0 4 0.03 0.80 2.29 0.12 + 1 1 0.04 0.80 2.29 0.25 0.01 0.00 99.71 40 + 1 5 0.16 0.80 2.29 0.13 + 2 2 0.05 0.80 2.29 0.06 0.01 0.00 99.88 40 + 2 6 0.03 0.80 2.29 0.08 + 3 3 0.05 0.80 2.29 0.08 0.00 0.00 99.87 47 + 3 7 0.04 0.84 2.29 0.09 .fi .SH SUMMARY EXAMPLE The "-s" option prints the column headers just once, and then the one line system summary for each sample interval. .nf -[root@x980]# ./turbostat -s - %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6 - 0.23 1.67 3.38 2.00 0.30 97.47 1.07 82.12 - 0.10 1.62 3.38 1.87 2.25 95.77 12.02 72.60 - 0.20 1.64 3.38 1.98 0.11 97.72 0.30 83.36 - 0.11 1.70 3.38 1.86 1.81 96.22 9.71 74.90 +[root@wsm]# turbostat -S + %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 CTMP %pc3 %pc6 + 1.40 2.81 3.38 10.78 43.47 44.35 42 13.67 2.09 + 1.34 2.90 3.38 11.48 58.96 28.23 41 19.89 0.15 + 1.55 2.72 3.38 26.73 37.66 34.07 42 2.53 2.80 + 1.37 2.83 3.38 16.95 60.05 21.63 42 5.76 0.20 .fi .SH VERBOSE EXAMPLE The "-v" option adds verbosity to the output: .nf -GenuineIntel 11 CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x6:2c:2 (6:44:2) -12 * 133 = 1600 MHz max efficiency -25 * 133 = 3333 MHz TSC frequency -26 * 133 = 3467 MHz max turbo 4 active cores -26 * 133 = 3467 MHz max turbo 3 active cores -27 * 133 = 3600 MHz max turbo 2 active cores -27 * 133 = 3600 MHz max turbo 1 active cores - +[root@ivy]# turbostat -v +turbostat v3.0 November 23, 2012 - Len Brown +CPUID(0): GenuineIntel 13 CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x6:3a:9 (6:58:9) +CPUID(6): APERF, DTS, PTM, EPB +RAPL: 851 sec. Joule Counter Range +cpu0: MSR_NHM_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x81010f0012300 +16 * 100 = 1600 MHz max efficiency +35 * 100 = 3500 MHz TSC frequency +cpu0: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x1e008402 (UNdemote-C3, UNdemote-C1, demote-C3, demote-C1, locked: pkg-cstate-limit=2: pc6-noret) +cpu0: MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x25262727 +37 * 100 = 3700 MHz max turbo 4 active cores +38 * 100 = 3800 MHz max turbo 3 active cores +39 * 100 = 3900 MHz max turbo 2 active cores +39 * 100 = 3900 MHz max turbo 1 active cores +cpu0: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x00000006 (balanced) +cpu0: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x000a1003 (0.125000 Watts, 0.000015 Joules, 0.000977 sec.) +cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x01e00268 (77 W TDP, RAPL 60 - 0 W, 0.000000 sec.) +cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x830000148268 (UNlocked) +cpu0: PKG Limit #1: ENabled (77.000000 Watts, 1.000000 sec, clamp DISabled) +cpu0: PKG Limit #2: ENabled (96.000000 Watts, 0.000977* sec, clamp DISabled) +cpu0: MSR_PP0_POLICY: 0 +cpu0: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked) +cpu0: Cores Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled) +cpu0: MSR_PP1_POLICY: 0 +cpu0: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked) +cpu0: GFX Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled) +cpu0: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x00691400 (105 C) +cpu0: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x884e0000 (27 C) +cpu0: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88560000 (19 C +/- 1) +cpu1: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88560000 (19 C +/- 1) +cpu2: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88540000 (21 C +/- 1) +cpu3: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x884e0000 (27 C +/- 1) + ... .fi The \fBmax efficiency\fP frequency, a.k.a. Low Frequency Mode, is the frequency available at the minimum package voltage. The \fBTSC frequency\fP is the nominal @@ -142,7 +173,7 @@ cor CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6 10 5 1.42 3.43 3.38 2.14 30.99 65.44 10 11 0.16 2.88 3.38 3.40 .fi -Above the cycle soaker drives cpu7 up its 3.6 Ghz turbo limit +Above the cycle soaker drives cpu7 up its 3.6 GHz turbo limit while the other processors are generally in various states of idle. Note that cpu1 and cpu7 are HT siblings within core8. diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c index cb031472bede..ce6d46038f74 100644 --- a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c +++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c @@ -39,12 +39,15 @@ char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat"; unsigned int interval_sec = 5; /* set with -i interval_sec */ unsigned int verbose; /* set with -v */ +unsigned int rapl_verbose; /* set with -R */ +unsigned int thermal_verbose; /* set with -T */ unsigned int summary_only; /* set with -s */ unsigned int skip_c0; unsigned int skip_c1; unsigned int do_nhm_cstates; unsigned int do_snb_cstates; unsigned int has_aperf; +unsigned int has_epb; unsigned int units = 1000000000; /* Ghz etc */ unsigned int genuine_intel; unsigned int has_invariant_tsc; @@ -62,6 +65,23 @@ unsigned int show_cpu; unsigned int show_pkg_only; unsigned int show_core_only; char *output_buffer, *outp; +unsigned int do_rapl; +unsigned int do_dts; +unsigned int do_ptm; +unsigned int tcc_activation_temp; +unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override; +double rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units; +double rapl_joule_counter_range; + +#define RAPL_PKG (1 << 0) +#define RAPL_CORES (1 << 1) +#define RAPL_GFX (1 << 2) +#define RAPL_DRAM (1 << 3) +#define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS (1 << 4) +#define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS (1 << 5) +#define TJMAX_DEFAULT 100 + +#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b)) int aperf_mperf_unstable; int backwards_count; @@ -89,6 +109,7 @@ struct core_data { unsigned long long c3; unsigned long long c6; unsigned long long c7; + unsigned int core_temp_c; unsigned int core_id; } *core_even, *core_odd; @@ -98,6 +119,14 @@ struct pkg_data { unsigned long long pc6; unsigned long long pc7; unsigned int package_id; + unsigned int energy_pkg; /* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */ + unsigned int energy_dram; /* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */ + unsigned int energy_cores; /* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */ + unsigned int energy_gfx; /* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */ + unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status; /* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */ + unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status; /* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */ + unsigned int pkg_temp_c; + } *package_even, *package_odd; #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd @@ -235,6 +264,12 @@ void print_header(void) outp += sprintf(outp, " %%c6"); if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %%c7"); + + if (do_dts) + outp += sprintf(outp, " CTMP"); + if (do_ptm) + outp += sprintf(outp, " PTMP"); + if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %%pc2"); if (do_nhm_cstates) @@ -244,6 +279,19 @@ void print_header(void) if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %%pc7"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) + outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg_W"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) + outp += sprintf(outp, " Cor_W"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) + outp += sprintf(outp, " GFX_W"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) + outp += sprintf(outp, " RAM_W"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) + outp += sprintf(outp, " PKG_%%"); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) + outp += sprintf(outp, " RAM_%%"); + outp += sprintf(outp, "\n"); } @@ -273,6 +321,7 @@ int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, fprintf(stderr, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3); fprintf(stderr, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6); fprintf(stderr, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7); + fprintf(stderr, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c); } if (p) { @@ -281,6 +330,13 @@ int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, fprintf(stderr, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3); fprintf(stderr, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6); fprintf(stderr, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7); + fprintf(stderr, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg); + fprintf(stderr, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores); + fprintf(stderr, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx); + fprintf(stderr, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram); + fprintf(stderr, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n", p->rapl_pkg_perf_status); + fprintf(stderr, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n", p->rapl_dram_perf_status); + fprintf(stderr, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c); } return 0; } @@ -290,14 +346,21 @@ int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, * package: "pk" 2 columns %2d * core: "cor" 3 columns %3d * CPU: "CPU" 3 columns %3d + * Pkg_W: %6.2 + * Cor_W: %6.2 + * GFX_W: %5.2 + * RAM_W: %5.2 * GHz: "GHz" 3 columns %3.2 * TSC: "TSC" 3 columns %3.2 * percentage " %pc3" %6.2 + * Perf Status percentage: %5.2 + * "CTMP" 4 columns %4d */ int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) { double interval_float; + char *fmt5, *fmt6; /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */ if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)) @@ -337,7 +400,6 @@ int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, if (show_cpu) outp += sprintf(outp, " %3d", t->cpu_id); } - /* %c0 */ if (do_nhm_cstates) { if (show_pkg || show_core || show_cpu) @@ -402,10 +464,16 @@ int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc); + if (do_dts) + outp += sprintf(outp, " %4d", c->core_temp_c); + /* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */ if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) goto done; + if (do_ptm) + outp += sprintf(outp, " %4d", p->pkg_temp_c); + if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc); if (do_nhm_cstates) @@ -414,6 +482,32 @@ int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc); if (do_snb_cstates) outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc); + + /* + * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range, + * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place. + */ + if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range) { + fmt5 = " %5.2f"; + fmt6 = " %6.2f"; + } else { + fmt5 = " %3.0f**"; + fmt6 = " %4.0f**"; + } + + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt6, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt6, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt5, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt5, p->energy_dram * rapl_energy_units / interval_float); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS ) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt5, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float); + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS ) + outp += sprintf(outp, fmt5, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float); + done: outp += sprintf(outp, "\n"); @@ -450,6 +544,13 @@ void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_ for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p); } +#define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old) \ + if (new > old) { \ + old = new - old; \ + } else { \ + old = 0x100000000 + new - old; \ + } + void delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old) { @@ -457,6 +558,14 @@ delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old) old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3; old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6; old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7; + old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c; + + DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg); + DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores); + DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx); + DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram); + DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status); + DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status); } void @@ -465,6 +574,7 @@ delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old) old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3; old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6; old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7; + old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c; } /* @@ -571,11 +681,20 @@ void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data c->c3 = 0; c->c6 = 0; c->c7 = 0; + c->core_temp_c = 0; p->pc2 = 0; p->pc3 = 0; p->pc6 = 0; p->pc7 = 0; + + p->energy_pkg = 0; + p->energy_dram = 0; + p->energy_cores = 0; + p->energy_gfx = 0; + p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0; + p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0; + p->pkg_temp_c = 0; } int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) @@ -596,6 +715,8 @@ int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, average.cores.c6 += c->c6; average.cores.c7 += c->c7; + average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c); + /* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */ if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) return 0; @@ -605,6 +726,15 @@ int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6; average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7; + average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg; + average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram; + average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores; + average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx; + + average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c); + + average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status; + average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status; return 0; } /* @@ -656,6 +786,7 @@ static unsigned long long rdtsc(void) int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) { int cpu = t->cpu_id; + unsigned long long msr; if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) { fprintf(stderr, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu); @@ -672,9 +803,9 @@ int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) } if (extra_delta_offset32) { - if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &t->extra_delta32)) + if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &msr)) return -5; - t->extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF; + t->extra_delta32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; } if (extra_delta_offset64) @@ -682,9 +813,9 @@ int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) return -5; if (extra_msr_offset32) { - if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &t->extra_msr32)) + if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &msr)) return -5; - t->extra_msr32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF; + t->extra_msr32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; } if (extra_msr_offset64) @@ -706,6 +837,13 @@ int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7)) return -8; + if (do_dts) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr)) + return -9; + c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F); + } + + /* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */ if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) return 0; @@ -722,6 +860,41 @@ int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7)) return -12; } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr)) + return -13; + p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr)) + return -14; + p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr)) + return -15; + p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr)) + return -16; + p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr)) + return -16; + p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr)) + return -16; + p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF; + } + if (do_ptm) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr)) + return -17; + p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F); + } return 0; } @@ -735,8 +908,8 @@ void print_verbose_header(void) get_msr(0, MSR_NHM_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr); - if (verbose > 1) - fprintf(stderr, "MSR_NHM_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%llx\n", msr); + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu0: MSR_NHM_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", msr); ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF; fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency\n", @@ -751,8 +924,8 @@ void print_verbose_header(void) get_msr(0, MSR_IVT_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr); - if (verbose > 1) - fprintf(stderr, "MSR_IVT_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%llx\n", msr); + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu0: MSR_IVT_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", msr); ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF; if (ratio) @@ -795,14 +968,56 @@ void print_verbose_header(void) ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk); print_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits: + get_msr(0, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr); + +#define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE (1UL << 27) +#define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE (1UL << 28) + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu0: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", msr); + + fprintf(stderr, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: ", + (msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "", + (msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "", + (msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "", + (msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "", + (msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN", + (unsigned int)msr & 7); + + + switch(msr & 0x7) { + case 0: + fprintf(stderr, "pc0"); + break; + case 1: + fprintf(stderr, do_snb_cstates ? "pc2" : "pc0"); + break; + case 2: + fprintf(stderr, do_snb_cstates ? "pc6-noret" : "pc3"); + break; + case 3: + fprintf(stderr, "pc6"); + break; + case 4: + fprintf(stderr, "pc7"); + break; + case 5: + fprintf(stderr, do_snb_cstates ? "pc7s" : "invalid"); + break; + case 7: + fprintf(stderr, "unlimited"); + break; + default: + fprintf(stderr, "invalid"); + } + fprintf(stderr, ")\n"); if (!do_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit) return; get_msr(0, MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr); - if (verbose > 1) - fprintf(stderr, "MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%llx\n", msr); + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu0: MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", msr); ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF; if (ratio) @@ -1205,6 +1420,299 @@ int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model) } } +/* + * print_epb() + * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR + */ +int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) +{ + unsigned long long msr; + char *epb_string; + int cpu; + + if (!has_epb) + return 0; + + cpu = t->cpu_id; + + /* EPB is per-package */ + if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) + return 0; + + if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) { + fprintf(stderr, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu); + return -1; + } + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr)) + return 0; + + switch (msr & 0x7) { + case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE: + epb_string = "performance"; + break; + case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL: + epb_string = "balanced"; + break; + case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE: + epb_string = "powersave"; + break; + default: + epb_string = "custom"; + break; + } + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string); + + return 0; +} + +#define RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY 0x7FFF /* 15 bit power granularity */ +#define RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY 0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */ + +/* + * rapl_probe() + * + * sets do_rapl + */ +void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model) +{ + unsigned long long msr; + double tdp; + + if (!genuine_intel) + return; + + if (family != 6) + return; + + switch (model) { + case 0x2A: + case 0x3A: + do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_GFX; + break; + case 0x2D: + case 0x3E: + do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS; + break; + default: + return; + } + + /* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */ + if (get_msr(0, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr)) + return; + + rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF)); + rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)); + rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 16 & 0xF)); + + /* get TDP to determine energy counter range */ + if (get_msr(0, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr)) + return; + + tdp = ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units; + + rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp; + + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range\n", rapl_joule_counter_range); + + return; +} + +int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) +{ + unsigned long long msr; + unsigned int dts; + int cpu; + + if (!(do_dts || do_ptm)) + return 0; + + cpu = t->cpu_id; + + /* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */ + if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)) + return 0; + + if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) { + fprintf(stderr, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu); + return -1; + } + + if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr)) + return 0; + + dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", + cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts); + +#ifdef THERM_DEBUG + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr)) + return 0; + + dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F; + dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n", + cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2); +#endif + } + + + if (do_dts) { + unsigned int resolution; + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr)) + return 0; + + dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F; + resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n", + cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution); + +#ifdef THERM_DEBUG + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr)) + return 0; + + dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F; + dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n", + cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2); +#endif + } + + return 0; +} + +void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label) +{ + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n", + cpu, label, + ((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS", + ((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units, + (1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units, + (((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS")); + + return; +} + +int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) +{ + unsigned long long msr; + int cpu; + double local_rapl_power_units, local_rapl_energy_units, local_rapl_time_units; + + if (!do_rapl) + return 0; + + /* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */ + if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) + return 0; + + cpu = t->cpu_id; + if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) { + fprintf(stderr, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu); + return -1; + } + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr)) + return -1; + + local_rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF)); + local_rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)); + local_rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 16 & 0xF)); + + if (local_rapl_power_units != rapl_power_units) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d, ERROR: Power units mis-match\n", cpu); + if (local_rapl_energy_units != rapl_energy_units) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d, ERROR: Energy units mis-match\n", cpu); + if (local_rapl_time_units != rapl_time_units) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d, ERROR: Time units mis-match\n", cpu); + + if (verbose) { + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx " + "(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr, + local_rapl_power_units, local_rapl_energy_units, local_rapl_time_units); + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr)) + return -5; + + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n", + cpu, msr, + ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units); + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr)) + return -9; + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n", + cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN"); + + print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1"); + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n", + cpu, + ((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS", + ((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units, + (1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units, + ((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"); + } + + if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr)) + return -6; + + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n", + cpu, msr, + ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units, + ((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units); + + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr)) + return -9; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n", + cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN"); + + print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit"); + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) { + if (verbose) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr)) + return -7; + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF); + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr)) + return -9; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n", + cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN"); + print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit"); + } + } + if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) { + if (verbose) { + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr)) + return -8; + + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF); + + if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr)) + return -9; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n", + cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN"); + print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit"); + } + } + return 0; +} + int is_snb(unsigned int family, unsigned int model) { @@ -1229,6 +1737,72 @@ double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model) return 133.33; } +/* + * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where + * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates. + * This is usually equal to tjMax. + * + * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess, + * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T. + * + * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C + * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS), + * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds. + */ +int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p) +{ + unsigned long long msr; + unsigned int target_c_local; + int cpu; + + /* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */ + if (!(do_dts || do_ptm)) + return 0; + + /* this is a per-package concept */ + if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) + return 0; + + cpu = t->cpu_id; + if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) { + fprintf(stderr, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu); + return -1; + } + + if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) { + tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n", + cpu, tcc_activation_temp); + return 0; + } + + /* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */ + if (!do_nehalem_platform_info) + goto guess; + + if (get_msr(0, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr)) + goto guess; + + target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F; + + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n", + cpu, msr, target_c_local); + + if (target_c_local < 85 || target_c_local > 120) + goto guess; + + tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local; + + return 0; + +guess: + tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT; + fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n", + cpu, tcc_activation_temp); + + return 0; +} void check_cpuid() { unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level; @@ -1242,7 +1816,7 @@ void check_cpuid() genuine_intel = 1; if (verbose) - fprintf(stderr, "%.4s%.4s%.4s ", + fprintf(stderr, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ", (char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx); asm("cpuid" : "=a" (fms), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (1) : "ebx"); @@ -1293,10 +1867,19 @@ void check_cpuid() asm("cpuid" : "=a" (eax), "=b" (ebx), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (0x6)); has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0); - if (!has_aperf) { - fprintf(stderr, "No APERF MSR\n"); - exit(1); - } + do_dts = eax & (1 << 0); + do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6); + has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3); + + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "CPUID(6): %s%s%s%s\n", + has_aperf ? "APERF" : "No APERF!", + do_dts ? ", DTS" : "", + do_ptm ? ", PTM": "", + has_epb ? ", EPB": ""); + + if (!has_aperf) + exit(-1); do_nehalem_platform_info = genuine_intel && has_invariant_tsc; do_nhm_cstates = genuine_intel; /* all Intel w/ non-stop TSC have NHM counters */ @@ -1305,12 +1888,15 @@ void check_cpuid() do_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit = has_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model); do_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit = has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model); + rapl_probe(family, model); + + return; } void usage() { - fprintf(stderr, "%s: [-v][-p|-P|-S][-c MSR# | -s]][-C MSR#][-m MSR#][-M MSR#][-i interval_sec | command ...]\n", + fprintf(stderr, "%s: [-v][-R][-T][-p|-P|-S][-c MSR# | -s]][-C MSR#][-m MSR#][-M MSR#][-i interval_sec | command ...]\n", progname); exit(1); } @@ -1546,6 +2132,17 @@ void turbostat_init() if (verbose) print_verbose_header(); + + if (verbose) + for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS); + + if (verbose) + for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS); + + for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS); + + if (verbose) + for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS); } int fork_it(char **argv) @@ -1602,7 +2199,7 @@ void cmdline(int argc, char **argv) progname = argv[0]; - while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "+pPSvi:sc:sC:m:M:")) != -1) { + while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "+pPSvi:sc:sC:m:M:RT:")) != -1) { switch (opt) { case 'p': show_core_only++; @@ -1634,6 +2231,12 @@ void cmdline(int argc, char **argv) case 'M': sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset64); break; + case 'R': + rapl_verbose++; + break; + case 'T': + tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg); + break; default: usage(); } @@ -1644,8 +2247,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) { cmdline(argc, argv); - if (verbose > 1) - fprintf(stderr, "turbostat v2.1 October 6, 2012" + if (verbose) + fprintf(stderr, "turbostat v3.0 November 23, 2012" " - Len Brown \n"); turbostat_init(); -- cgit v1.2.3-54-g00ecf