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authorMichael Witten2012-04-01 20:07:52 -0500
committerJiri Kosina2012-04-17 03:23:33 -0500
commit3773b4540721a2e8d4b957f4619ada4bf0bc8e45 (patch)
treea87e2b2e5dd4d0ebb2970e5e0271f17c5d7124b4 /README
parent7f65e924c0cfe0896e31ce3e162b4d10df87ccfe (diff)
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README: Remove sporadic tabs
Indentation was already done mainly with spaces, so this commit removes the tabs and makes some of the whitespace more consistent. Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Diffstat (limited to 'README')
-rw-r--r--README140
1 files changed, 70 insertions, 70 deletions
diff --git a/README b/README
index 7333d2b5811..9beaed0ed62 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
1 Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/> 1 Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
2 2
3These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully, 3These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully,
4as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the 4as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
62 directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and 62 directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
63 unpack it: 63 unpack it:
64 64
65 gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf - 65 gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
66 66
67 or 67 or
68 68
69 bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf - 69 bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
70 70
71 Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel. 71 Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
72 72
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
80 install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the 80 install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
81 top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.X) and execute: 81 top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.X) and execute:
82 82
83 gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1 83 gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
84 84
85 or 85 or
86 86
87 bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1 87 bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
88 88
89 Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current 89 Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
90 source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok. You may want to remove 90 source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok. You may want to remove
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
105 process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any 105 process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any
106 patches found. 106 patches found.
107 107
108 linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux 108 linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
109 109
110 The first argument in the command above is the location of the 110 The first argument in the command above is the location of the
111 kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but 111 kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
113 113
114 - Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around: 114 - Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
115 115
116 cd linux 116 cd linux
117 make mrproper 117 make mrproper
118 118
119 You should now have the sources correctly installed. 119 You should now have the sources correctly installed.
120 120
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ BUILD directory for the kernel:
137 place for the output files (including .config). 137 place for the output files (including .config).
138 Example: 138 Example:
139 139
140 kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X 140 kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
141 build directory: /home/name/build/kernel 141 build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
142 142
143 To configure and build the kernel, use: 143 To configure and build the kernel, use:
144 144
@@ -161,76 +161,76 @@ CONFIGURING the kernel:
161 161
162 - Alternative configuration commands are: 162 - Alternative configuration commands are:
163 163
164 "make config" Plain text interface. 164 "make config" Plain text interface.
165 165
166 "make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs. 166 "make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
167 167
168 "make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus. 168 "make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
169 169
170 "make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool. 170 "make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
171 171
172 "make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool. 172 "make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
173 173
174 "make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of 174 "make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
175 your existing ./.config file and asking about 175 your existing ./.config file and asking about
176 new config symbols. 176 new config symbols.
177 177
178 "make silentoldconfig" 178 "make silentoldconfig"
179 Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen 179 Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
180 with questions already answered. 180 with questions already answered.
181 Additionally updates the dependencies. 181 Additionally updates the dependencies.
182 182
183 "make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default 183 "make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
184 symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig 184 symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
185 or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig, 185 or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
186 depending on the architecture. 186 depending on the architecture.
187 187
188 "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig" 188 "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
189 Create a ./.config file by using the default 189 Create a ./.config file by using the default
190 symbol values from 190 symbol values from
191 arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig. 191 arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
192 Use "make help" to get a list of all available 192 Use "make help" to get a list of all available
193 platforms of your architecture. 193 platforms of your architecture.
194 194
195 "make allyesconfig" 195 "make allyesconfig"
196 Create a ./.config file by setting symbol 196 Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
197 values to 'y' as much as possible. 197 values to 'y' as much as possible.
198 198
199 "make allmodconfig" 199 "make allmodconfig"
200 Create a ./.config file by setting symbol 200 Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
201 values to 'm' as much as possible. 201 values to 'm' as much as possible.
202 202
203 "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol 203 "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
204 values to 'n' as much as possible. 204 values to 'n' as much as possible.
205 205
206 "make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol 206 "make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
207 values to random values. 207 values to random values.
208 208
209 You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools 209 You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
210 in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt. 210 in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
211 211
212 NOTES on "make config": 212 - NOTES on "make config":
213 213
214 - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can 214 - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
215 under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a 215 under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
216 nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers 216 nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
217 217
218 - Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386 218 - Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
219 will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The 219 will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
220 kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up. 220 kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
221 221
222 - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the 222 - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
223 coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just 223 coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
224 never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger, 224 never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
225 but will work on different machines regardless of whether they 225 but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
226 have a math coprocessor or not. 226 have a math coprocessor or not.
227 227
228 - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a 228 - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
229 bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel 229 bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
230 less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to 230 less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
231 break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you 231 break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
232 should probably answer 'n' to the questions for 232 should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development",
233 "development", "experimental", or "debugging" features. 233 "experimental", or "debugging" features.
234 234
235COMPILING the kernel: 235COMPILING the kernel:
236 236
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ COMPILING the kernel:
257 For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting 257 For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting
258 "V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.: 258 "V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.:
259 259
260 make V=1 all 260 make V=1 all
261 261
262 To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each 262 To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
263 target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0". 263 target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0".
@@ -320,14 +320,14 @@ IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
320 320
321 - If the bug results in a message like 321 - If the bug results in a message like
322 322
323 unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010 323 unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
324 Oops: 0002 324 Oops: 0002
325 EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX 325 EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
326 eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx 326 eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
327 esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx 327 esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
328 ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx 328 ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
329 Pid: xx, process nr: xx 329 Pid: xx, process nr: xx
330 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 330 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
331 331
332 or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your 332 or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
333 system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look 333 system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
356 the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against 356 the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against
357 the EIP from the kernel crash, do: 357 the EIP from the kernel crash, do:
358 358
359 nm vmlinux | sort | less 359 nm vmlinux | sort | less
360 360
361 This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending 361 This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
362 order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the 362 order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the